What are the key constructs of Pender's Health Promotion Model?

What are the key constructs of Pender's Health Promotion Model?

• A. Individual characteristics and experiences; behavior-specific cognitions and affect; health-promoting behavior.
• B. Only perceived benefits.
• C. Genetic predispositions and environmental risks.
• D. Pharmacological interventions.

Answer: (A)

This question tests how Pender's Health Promotion Model organizes determinants of health behavior into three constructs. First, individual characteristics and experiences encompass personal factors and prior related behavior that shape a person’s readiness to act. Second, behavior-specific cognitions and affect include the mental processes and feelings that influence action—perceived benefits and barriers, perceived self-efficacy, and related interpersonal and situational influences. Third, health-promoting behavior is the outcome the model explains and predicts. The option captures these three components exactly, so it is the best choice. The other options are narrower or unrelated: focusing only on perceived benefits misses the full cognitive and affective set; genetic predispositions and environmental risks are risk factors outside the model’s constructs; pharmacological interventions are treatment modalities, not part of the model’s constructs.

This question tests how Pender's Health Promotion Model organizes determinants of health behavior into three constructs. First, individual characteristics and experiences encompass personal factors and prior related behavior that shape a person’s readiness to act. Second, behavior-specific cognitions and affect include the mental processes and feelings that influence action—perceived benefits and barriers, perceived self-efficacy, and related interpersonal and situational influences. Third, health-promoting behavior is the outcome the model explains and predicts. The option captures these three components exactly, so it is the best choice. The other options are narrower or unrelated: focusing only on perceived benefits misses the full cognitive and affective set; genetic predispositions and environmental risks are risk factors outside the model’s constructs; pharmacological interventions are treatment modalities, not part of the model’s constructs.