In Neuman's model, which statement best describes 'lines of defense'?

In Neuman's model, which statement best describes 'lines of defense'?

• A. Rigid boundaries that cannot adapt to stress.
• B. Flexible lines of defense and the normal line of defense that protect the core.
• C. Core processes that drive patient behavior.
• D. External social supports only.

Answer: (B)

In Neuman's model, lines of defense are protective barriers around the client’s core system. They are not rigid; they are flexible and able to adjust in response to stress. The outermost, flexible lines of defense can shift to cope with stressors, while the normal line of defense represents the usual boundary that maintains the client’s typical level of functioning. Together, these lines shield the core and can be reinforced or breached as stressors act. They’re not limited to external supports alone and they don’t represent the core processes driving behavior.

In Neuman's model, lines of defense are protective barriers around the client’s core system. They are not rigid; they are flexible and able to adjust in response to stress. The outermost, flexible lines of defense can shift to cope with stressors, while the normal line of defense represents the usual boundary that maintains the client’s typical level of functioning. Together, these lines shield the core and can be reinforced or breached as stressors act. They’re not limited to external supports alone and they don’t represent the core processes driving behavior.